Saturday, January 25, 2020
Partnership between BP and Marks and Spencer
Partnership between BP and Marks and Spencer The Change is Pervasive power in the innovative modern Market. Here changes are welcomed by the managers to the betterment of the organisation. In order to implement the changes there must be some policies, procedures, work processes and activities need to be under taken .i.e. higher degree to HSSE, Environmental safety, Customer Loyalty and range reviews. The above must be implemented accordingly to full fill external pressure, as well as to meet customer expectations. An on time completion is highly adequate for an organisation to overcome competitions and to disregard fierce in general competition in the market. When we talk about competitions, this can be defined in an academic term that Battle which will target the Organisation in various angles such as traditional competitors and innovative new entrances. Therefore competition is intensified. Also the traditional barriers (Language, Distance, Travelling) has been learned and fixed, however the new challenges are in place to stu dy and over come with a better solution. The main area of focus is to face new entrance who introduces the new innovative tactics to capture the market is still fearful challenge. Reference to the World is a 2Global Village are more and more frequent. This has led organisations to adopt strategies which did not exist traditionally, notably in retail industry. Internally, financial constrains, the requirement to offer best service by value their money, mergers and acquisitions, and empowered teams all affect organisations ability to compete in the market place. There are two main approaches to change, first Prescriptive Strategy planned where an organisation moves from one fixed shape to another and second, emergent a more recent view where change is continues and open ended. An appropriate method of managing organisational change must be found for effective strategy. A carefully planned and thought through strategy can manage change effectively to the organisational success. In this Research Author will be able to highlight what is the method of Strategy has implemented in the case of organisational changes. The change in question is the Partnership of Bp and Marks Spencer. 2. Literature Review Many organisations around the world are in a competitive race which gets difficult every year, with bigger, better and more innovative competitors. In addition the rules of the game are changing with the emergence of new approaches, technology and globalisation. Competitors who have been in other markets suddenly enter the market with new technology, strength, and new approaches, sometimes becoming market leaders. Competitive advantage is at the heart of a firms performance in competitive markets (Porter 2004). Also the Author has selected nearly six Journals to support his research plan further down in to the correct direction. These Journal are talking about various dimensions and directions to consider when creating and managing changes on strategic direction. 1. Balkcom, John E., Christopher D. Ittner and David F. Larcker. Strategic performance Measurement: Lesson learned and further direction. Journal of Strategic Performance Measurement 1, no.2 Performance measurement system have played a key role in developing strategic plan, achieving strategic objectives and motivating managers. From future research managers found that the past measures were not full fill the needs. This is where the invention of new way of performance measurement system should be implemented via formulating a new strategy to the growth of the organisation. 2. Boar, Bernard H. The role of commitment in information technology strategy. Journal of Strategic Performance Measurement 1, no 6(December 1997) : 5-13 A successful IT Strategy requires the ability to constantly refresh the technology and shift direction when adequate. Also a strong commitment to the strategy from employee and to get that strong commitment a well thought out and proactive commitment strategy is needed. Also the following three main commitment is highly required. I. Intellectual Commitment, Emotional Commitment, Political information work. This will highlight the problem area in commitment exist and take action to resolve these to formulate a best strategy to an organisational success. 3.Greenberg, Jeanne and Michael Liebman. Incentives : The missing link in strategic Performances. Journal of Business Strategy 11,no.4 (July-August 1990) Here the author argues that if the organisation to meet their objectives , it is important to develop incentives strategies to motivate management and further down their employees to centralised and develop a best strategy for organisational growth. 4. Campbell, Andrew and Marcus Alexandar. Whats wrong with Strategy? Insight about value creation rarely emerge from planning processes. Harvard Business Review 75, no.6 (November -December 1997) Here the Author argues that directionless strategies result when strategy fail to distinguish between purpose (Exists to do) and Constraints ( Must to do Survive). Also the assert that is unclear which comes first. According to Campbell and Alexander, the basic ingredient of a good strategy, insight in to how to create value rarely results from planning. 5.Newton, Peggy. Communicating key measures throughout an Organisation. Journal of Strategic Performance Measurement 1, no 1 (February- March 1997) The ability to communicate key measures throughout the organisation. Firstly key business drivers are identified , then goals and measures are linked to them at every stage. Communication revolves around goals with each employees actions linked with company- wide goals. Here control board (CEO) will drive the strategic priorities down through all levels. 6.OBrien, William F. Action-Oriented Strategic Planning: Dynamic Planning for Dynamic Times. Journal of Strategic Performance Measurement 1, no 3 (June- July 1997) Strategic planning is critical component in creating an entitys goals and operation direction. This talks about the senior managers responsibilities and how strategies are created from the upper level management. 3. Research Methodology of Project e g, Qualitative, Quantitative etc The report has aimed to develop a theoretical approach in managing strategic change, which includes strategic planning and managing processes. The design of this study will be aimed to be qualitative-case study by studying historical factors from published data, internally and externally, and comparing them with existing models from leading authors. The aim of this research design will be identify external and internal factors influencing the Partnership trading in the ground of Acquisition. Therefore the research design will be a casual comparative method by studying historical factors from published data (Internal and External) and comparing them to competitors. This research will aim to conducting semi-structures interviews with senior Operation managers and structured interviews with store managers in the same network business. Senior managers: I have made an arrangement (Appointment date and time to be confirmed) with the following senior Managers: Head of franchise Marks Spencer-Arranged by Brenda Moss HR Department, Head of Franchise BP-Arranged by Peter Mendez Retail Territory Manager, Project development Manager BP-Arranged by Jeff Buck Retail Territory Manager, Operation Director BP (Mr. Haward Nunn) -Arranged by Gavin Duncan District Manager and System Development Manager ( Anne Hammnghs) -Arranged by Peter Mendez Retail Territory Manger. They will be interviewed with questions such include the function of their department, their capability to cope with new acquired business, and the direct involvement and their part of play in this journey. Store managers will be asked how acquisition has affected their role in the organisation, How they feel the training, recruitment and development has been affected, negatives and positives of acquisitions, refurbishment programme and its negative or positive effects on store Trading. Also few Suppliers ( Exel DHL Supply Chain, Gist M+S Supply Chain, Cuisine de France) will be interviewed through the retail territory managers Peter Mendezs Approval l (Authorized) to collect their feedback and how this new way of trading effected their capacity and capability. The above facilities and support will be provided (Authorised and the date, Time to be confirmed) due to the fact where I am a part (Employee) of the same organisation. 4. If the research is related to a particular organisation its name and evidence of permission granted for this research to be undertaken In order to support my dissertation I have selected a company named BP and Marks Spencer Partnership. The permission has been granted to access and collect all internal dates, other sensitive document from various departments from Head office in Milton Keynes. Also I have been approved to undertake interviews with the following individuals. -Operational Director (Haward Nunn) Arranged by Gavin Duncan District Manager BP -Head of Franchise Marks and Spencer- Arranged by Brenda Moss HR Department -Head of Franchise BP Arranged by Peter Mendez RTM -Project Development Manager BP Arranged by Jeff Buck RTM -System Development Manager BP Arranged by Peter Mendez RTM -Store Managers Interviews BP Arranged by Peter Mendez RTM -Suppliers: Exe, Gist, Cusine de France Arranged by Peter Mendez RTM -Store Manager Fawzy Kabeer (friend ) 5. Chapter Headings and Subheadings 1. Introduction 1.1 The Bp and Marks Spencer Partnership History Background 2. Literature Review Processes 2.1 Strategic Planning 2.2 Managing Strategy 2.3 Value Principles 2.4 Vision 2.5 Objective 2.6 Strategy formulation 2.6.1 Suitability 2.6.2 Feasibility 2.6.3 Acceptability 2.7 The Partnership Strategy 2.8 Strategic Implementation Control 2.9 Strategic Fit 2.10 Strategic Hierarchy 2.11 Growth Strategy Portfolio Theory 2.12 Mergers Acquisition, Internal Development, Joint Development 2.13 Hard Soft Side of Change Management 2.14 Summary of Objectives 3. Research Methodology for project 3.1 Design of Study 3.2 Data Collection 3.3 Data Analysis 3.4 Research Limitation 4. Critical Analysis and Evaluation 4.1 Logical Behind Change 4.2 Dimension of Retail Market Market Revolution 4.3 External Environment 4.4 Internal Environment Benefits 4.4 Managing Strategic Change Effectively 4.5 Type of Change Management 4.6 Gaining Competitive Advantages 4.7 Reason why Strategic Plans Fail 5. Strategies for Strengthening Culture 6. Conclusions and Findings
Friday, January 17, 2020
Externalities of Smoking
In the paper Iââ¬â¢m going to discuss the externalities of second-hand smoke. Externalities refer to all costs or benefits of a market activity borne by a third party. Itââ¬â¢s also the difference between the social and private costs (benefits) of a market activity. When economic agents are not directly involved, negative externalities can exist, such as pollution. Second-hand smoke is a health hazard at any level (Essentials Of economics, Bradley R. Schiller). Itââ¬â¢s to be said that smoking bans are the only way to protect nonsmokers.Although many states and hundreds of cities have passed smoke-free laws, more than 126 million Americans ages 3 and older continue to be exposed to secondhand smoke. Nearly 50,000 nonsmokers die from the secondhand smoke each year. Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke at home or work increase their risk of heart disease and cancer. Brief exposure to smoke, damages cells, beginning a process that can lead to cancer, and increase the risk of blood clots (USA today: June 28, 2006).Secondhand smoke kills 46,000 adult nonsmokers from heart disease, 3,000 nonsmokers from lung cancer, and 430 newborns from sudden infant death syndrome. In children it causes 790,000 ear infections, 200,000 episodes of asthma, at least 24,000 low birth weight or preterm deliveries. When non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke itââ¬â¢s called involuntary smoking or passive smoking. Regardless if youââ¬â¢re smoking or not, if youââ¬â¢re around someone who is smoking youââ¬â¢re taking in nicotine and other toxic chemicals just like smokers do.The workplace is a major source of secondhand smoke exposure for adults (USA today: June 28, 2006). Secondhand smoke meets the standard to be classified as a potential cancer-causing agent by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cancer. org). Separating smokers from non-smokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating the building cannot prevent exposure if people still smoke inside t he building. Most people can be exposed in public places such as restaurants, shopping centers, public transportation, schools, and daycare centers.Some businesses seem to be afraid to ban smoking, but there is no proof that going smoke-free is bad for business. Public places where children go are a special area of concern (cancer. org). Making your home smoke free is healthier for your family. Secondhand smoke imposes significant costs on nonsmokers and society, according to a recent society of Actuaries study that concluded the annual cost of excess medical care, mortality and morbidity from secondhand smoke exposure in the U. S is approximately $ 10 billion(18 Aug 2005).The study also found that medicals costs for caring for people exposed to secondhand smoke have reached more than $2. 5 billion (medicalnewstoday. com). All the money you spend on cigarettes is just going to the company that makes them. So youââ¬â¢re giving this company all this money to just smoke a cigarette. On average most people pay about close to seven dollars for a box of cigarettes. Not only is this harmful to you, but its as harmful to the people around you. When you smoke in front of someone their inhaling all the chemicals that are carried In that one cigarette.So in conclusion this affects the economy so much, because people who donââ¬â¢t even smoke have to pay for all types of medicals bills. Just from getting secondhand smoke from others. I myself donââ¬â¢t think they should banned smoking. But there should be sections in public places which are meant for smokers. Some people canââ¬â¢t just stop smoking no matter what they do. So at the same time we have to respect their needs. And their needs are nicotine. Sources ?Cancer. org ?Medicalnewstoday. com ?USA today: June 28, 2006 ?Essentials of economics (Bradley R. Schiller)
Thursday, January 9, 2020
The Doll s House By Henry Ibsen And The Glass Menagerie
Sujin Oh Prof. JAMES WERNER ENG 102 11-15-2015 Paper 2 According to ââ¬Å"The dollââ¬â¢s houseâ⬠by Henry Ibsen and the ââ¬Å"Glass Menagerieâ⬠by Tennessee Williams, women are portrayed as very resilient characters capable of overcoming adversity, both plays tell strong stories about feminism. Literally, Feminism is the advocacy of womenââ¬â¢s right on the ground of social, political and economic equality to men. Henry Ibsen sets up the female main character, Nora, as a wife. However, unlike Henry Ibsen, Tennessee Williams features Tom, a male character as his main character. Yet, Tomââ¬â¢s character serves the purpose of highlighting the life of his mother, Amanda, and his older sister, Laura, as the real lead characters of the story. Although Tennessee Williams and Henry Ibsen are both male writers, they seem to be aware of the social issues about a womanââ¬â¢s suffering for the sake of her family. Both of them express their perception of women by making their female characters appear as the leading character s. All of the female characters that have appeared in both plays have lived under an environment full of repression and dominated by masculinity. Despite the fact that they live in a world of gender inequality they emancipate themselves in their own ways. First of all, looking at ââ¬Å"The dollââ¬â¢s houseâ⬠. Nora takes it for granted that men are superior to women from the beginning of the story to the middle. She does not even question why and just accepts male superiority as a fact. All over the
Wednesday, January 1, 2020
The Dna Mystique Looks Into The Power Of The Gene - 918 Words
The DNA Mystique looks into the power of the gene in todayââ¬â¢s society. Dorothy Nelkin and Susan Lindee (1995) describe the evolution of the gene as a cultural icon. Society puts a huge emphasis on understanding everyday behavior and the ââ¬Å"secret of lifeâ⬠through genetic essentialism. According to Nelkin and Lindee genetic essentialism ââ¬Å"reduces the self to a molecular entity, equating human beings, in all their social, historical, and moral complexity, with their genesâ⬠(p. 337). DNA is used as a way to define the individualââ¬â¢s true self and understand the evolution of a personââ¬â¢s identity. Nelkin and Lindee discuss the intersection of science and popular culture to shape the cultural meaning of the gene (p. 338). They lay out a timeline of genetic mapping and the use of genome research to determine future outcomes. Nelkin and Lindee identify the three themes of understanding the human genome as ââ¬Å"the essence of identity, a promise to enh ance prediction of human behavior and health, and a image of the genome as a way to define natural orderâ⬠(p. 340). Genetic research has recently started to function as way for people to understand past performance and future potential. The power of the genome is represented by words often used to label it like the Bible, a dictionary, a map, and a blueprint. A lot of research has been done to prove that genetic prediction will help control over behavior and disease. However, there is also the continuing question of the effects of nature andShow MoreRelatedNature vs Nurture2032 Words à |à 9 Pagesas identical as once thought, according to a new DNA study. One twin might get cancer while the other is not susceptible, for example. Many identical twins clearly behave differently as they grow older, and some even grow to look less alike. Such differences dont have anything to do with the twins identical DNA, which is like the software of life, but in how genes express themsel ves. The differences stem from chemical modifications in the genes over the years. These effects are the result of
Tuesday, December 24, 2019
Essay about Adopting a Child Leads to a Trail of Tears and...
Adopting a child is an experience that promises to bring great joy as it changes a couple or individualââ¬â¢s life forever. Adoption enables the lives of many children to be transformed; it offers children, who are orphaned, abandoned, neglected, abused, or unwanted a chance to live in a stable, loving environment. The adoptive parent-child union is commonly looked at as sanctified because the adoptive parents provide a needy infant with love, a home, and nurture. Adopted children have the potential to become blessed, healthy, and productive members of loving families and being a member of a caring family can help them to become responsible and compassionate adults capable of making positive contributions to their world while raising happy andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I was very depressed and reached a stage where I considered suicide. I do not want anything from this world. I just want an ID just to [be able to] do something, maybe get enrolled in the army and serve my count ry. I want something that proves who I am, that I am Lebanese.â⬠ââ¬Å"I could not obtain a high school degree, even though I took the highest grade in the whole school,â⬠says Josephine, 27. ââ¬Å"What did we do wrong? If there was a disagreement between the mother and the father, why is it the children fault? Why donââ¬â¢t we, as Lebanese children, have an ID? We are Lebanese children!â⬠Because of the stigma of adoption; many who adopt a child sometimes go to great lengths to cover their tracks; faking pregnancies or making secret deals behind hospital doors. While adoption is legal for some, only Christians can adopt; it is widely accepted in Christianity: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦and when he was exposed, Pharaohs daughter adopted him and brought him up as her own sonâ⬠Acts 7:21; ââ¬Å"â⬠¦he was bringing up Hadassah, that is Esther, the daughter of his uncle, for she had neither father nor mother. The young woman had a beautiful figure and was lovely to look at, and when her father and her mother died, Mordecai took her as his own daughterâ⬠Esther 2:7; ââ¬Å"Who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of Godâ⬠John 1:13â⬠¦Although adoption in Christianity is majorly accepted; adoption is largely forbidden in Islam, and though the Prophet Mohammad himself onceShow MoreRelatedReflection: Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down3600 Words à |à 15 Pagesnarrated the story of Lia Leeââ¬â¢s and her familyââ¬â¢s life in intimate and tragic detail. The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down is a poignant depiction of the struggle between loving parents, hard-working medical professionals, and a very precious child caught in the middle of a tug-of-war. Ms. Fadiman very distinctly illustrates how the collision of two cultures indirectly led to the demise of a little seven- year old girl. I did not expect the story to end with Lia Lee in a persistent vegetativeRead MoreThe Hours - Film Analysis12007 Words à |à 49 Pagesof The Hours, a postmodern novel densely interwoven with references to Woolfs works, do not need to have read all the intertexts Cunningham draws upon in order to understand the story; however, a certain familiarity with the central intertexts will lead them to appreciate his novel more fully. Michael Cunningham makes no attempt to hide his intertexts, both the historical intertexts such as the biographies he has used for his account of a single day in the life of Virginia Woolf and which he declaresRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words à |à 190 Pagesadding color, make sure you leaven it with humility. Arrogance is one trait that the admissions staff will not appreciate. -Zachary Surak 3 STACIE HOGYA A great leader aspires to do more than simply accomplish her objective. Until I offered to lead a team of skeptical engineers and accountants to develop a marketing department, and to actively participate in business development, I did not recognize how valuable the more could be. I began the project at a disadvantage; the owners had alreadyRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words à |à 522 Pagesfeel their contact with the marketer is helping to build a good relationship between the two. In this way the customer is made to feel as if she/he is a partner in the transaction not just a source of revenue for the marketer. In recent years this has lead to the concept of Customer Relationship Management (CRM), which has emerged as a strategic approach that insures that everyone in an organization, not just the marketer, understands the importance of customers. Maintaining close and consistent relationshipsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words à |à 760 Pagesas indicated by is implied by given that in view of the fact that for granted that one cannot doubt that Conclusion Indicators therefore consequently thus this means so it follows that shows that 35 implies that proves that leads me to believe that hence in conclusion for this reason accordingly the moral is means that we can infer that as a result The following phrases are not helpful clues in identifying arguments and analyzing their structure. They are not indicatorRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words à |à 526 PagesNageotte. Jimââ¬â¢s editorial guidance and the helpful advice of anonymous reviewers made an important contribution to the organization and direction of the book. Finally, I wish to thank my wife, Nancy, and daughters, Natascha and Christina, for their love, encouragement, and patience as I toiled long hours writing this book. This page intentionally left blank Contents Contents PART I. The Nature of OCD CHAPTER 1. Obsessiveââ¬âCompulsive Disorder: A Diagnostic Enigma CHAPTER 2. PhenomenologyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesCreative Decision Making Is a Right-Brain Activity 181 Self-Assessment Library Am I A Deliberate Decision Maker? 183 An Ethical Choice Whose Ethical Standards to Follow? 185 Self-Assessment Library How Creative Am I? 190 Point/Counterpoint Checklists Lead to Better Decisions 191 CONTENTS xi Questions for Review 192 Experiential Exercise Biases in Decision Making 193 Ethical Dilemma Do Unethical Decisions Come from Bad Character? 193 Case Incident 1 Computerized Decision Making 194 Case IncidentRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words à |à 534 Pagesorganizations in many industries must have highly skilled, knowledgeable workers. They must also have a relatively stable labor force since employee turnover works directly against obtaining the kind of coordination and organizational learning that leads to fast response and high-quality products and services.4 Page 3 STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Section One According to Lawler, these investments will become increasingly important due to forecasts of shifts in skill needs from manualRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 Pages3.2.2 E.V., forecasts 7.3.2.3 EV., to complete index (EAC) 7.3.2.5 Schedule and cost variance Developing a Project Plan 4.2.2 Planning tools 6.2 Sequence activities [1.2] 6.5.1 Bar and milestone charts 6.5.2 Critical path method (.2) 6.5.2.6 Lead and lag activities [6.2.3] F.3 Project duration Chapter 14 Project closure Closure report 4.5.1.4 Organization processes (.5) [4.5.3 4.6.3.2] 4.6.1 Administrative tasks (.3) [3.7.1, 12.4] 10.3.3.1 Lessons learned [8.3.3.4] 9.4.2.2
Monday, December 16, 2019
Musket Wars Free Essays
The first major cause of the Musket Wars was the introduction of European Technology, particularly Muskets. This changed the economy of Maori society, as they had no form of currency so trade was their means to gain power and ââ¬Ëwealthââ¬â¢ This created the danger of one tribe, in this case Nga Puhi growing increasingly powerful and influential, therefore their supplies of these muskets and weaponry growing exponentially in size. In 1821 Nga Puhi leader Hongi Hika acquired 300 muskets after trading them for his gifts he received from the King of England. We will write a custom essay sample on Musket Wars or any similar topic only for you Order Now This became a turning point in the Wars as it gave him overwhelming power for his tribe in the North. Muskets greatly altered the way in which Maori fought battles, as these muskets could cause far more death and destruction than previous weaponry used by the Maori. Historians such as Angela Ballara argue that the Muskets were not the cause of the actual start of the War, the war could just as easily be called ââ¬ËPotato warsââ¬â¢ as many Maori fought for food supply, but because of the destructive nature of the muskets, without their role the Wars could have taken a very different path. The introduction of Muskets also amplified tensions between Nga Whatua and Nga Puhi, as Nga Puhi acquired more and more muskets, other tribes particularly Nga Whatua felt threatened by the potential use of these muskets, and confrontation between these now heavily armed tribes became inevitable. The colonization of NZ by Europeans and subsequent consequences support the ââ¬ËFatal Impact theoryââ¬â¢, which states that impact of European society on Maori lead to the general downfall of Maori, but it is impossible to blame the Musket Wars entirely on European impact. Prior to European contact the Maori had a well-established political system between iwis. For them war was an essential part of this, as a means of declaring land ownership. Wars were fought quickly between short distances, resulting in fewer deaths. The first war fought with muskets was the battle of Moremanui in 1908, when Nga Whatua secured a victory of Nga Puhi, as they tried to reload their muskets. The leader of Nga Puhi Hongi Hika wished to execute revenge on Ngati Whatua for the defeat, thus leading to his acquisition of muskets and intertribal warfare. The conclusion can be made that the Maori pre-established political system of which war was an integral part, was a major factor leading to the intertribal warfare of the Musket Wars, but European impact was the factor that made the warfare so destructive and lead to the many fatalities. How to cite Musket Wars, Papers
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Steve Jobs a Summary of an Epic Life free essay sample
Steve Jobs, the man who put a dent in the universe. By Baldur Kjelsvik What man could possibly change how people use personal computers, phones and listen to music in a lifetime? Steve Jobs believed he could, and proved not to fail. Five decades ago, a man that should completely renovate big part of every ones life, was born. This man was Steve Paul Jobs, and he changed the world. The following text is a summary of his life and his importance to the society. Mister Jobs was a rebel. A shocker? Not really, it is the crazy ones who make an impact. He was a problem-maker in school, and he got expelled several times.As a 17-year-old, the guy went on a psychedelic adventure in India ââ¬â shaved his head and found him inner self. Following high school graduation in the early 70s, Jobs enrolled at Reed College, a favourite among the hippies. Although he dropped out after only a year, he continued to participate on several classes he found interesting. He pretty much did what ever he wanted. He was known for being a rude, and often times unbearably mean man with serious lack of social-skills. He was often high on LSD, which he later said was one of the top three most significant things he did in his life, and frequently ââ¬Å"far offâ⬠.His lack of an education and social intellect would not become an obstacle in his way for success; he only needed the right friends. Steve Wozniak ââ¬â a true computer-genius, was a man Jobs found interest in. A rebel in his own way, Wozniak was ââ¬â tricking teachers and elderly with childish and harmless pranks. The two Steveââ¬â¢s were both brilliant and geniuses in their own respect. They became partners: Wozniak was the nerdy engineer, and Jobs the guy who knew how to wrap the technology into a cute box, make it human friendly and sell it to the general people.They would very soon start Apple, a branding name now bigger than ââ¬Å"Disneyâ⬠. In the garage of Mr Jobsââ¬â¢ stepdad, the two brilliant minds invented ââ¬Å"Apple Iâ⬠. This was the start of something big, and only few years later the company had made more machines and grown a huge fan base. Apple released their next computer ââ¬â ââ¬Å"Apple IIâ⬠which sold millions, even though Jobs hated it. It was a fantastic computer with all the ports and extensions the nerds wanted, but he did not share the joy ââ¬â the design did not correspond to his way of thinking.He wanted simple and clean ââ¬â a typical Zen-philosophy. Wozniak, on the other hand, wanted possibilities to extend the potential of the machine, and have a customizable design. Some people agreed with Wozniakââ¬â¢s philosophy, other with Jobsââ¬â¢. A spiteful tension began to develop within the company, and Apple got dived into several divisions. One section worked on the Apple II, which frankly was the machine that held Apple in an economic balance, another worked on the overly expensive and poor selling ââ¬Å"Lisaâ⬠, and the final section worked on Steve Jobs new darling ââ¬â the Macintosh.Jobs had recently seen the commercial potential of Xerox PARCââ¬â¢s mouse-driven graphical user interface, a completely new type of operating system. As Picasso, the artist, once said: ââ¬Å"Good artists copy; great artists stealâ⬠, and steal it Mr. Jobs did. Steve had paid the developers of Xeroxââ¬â¢s operating system, just to see what kind of magic this graphical user interface was all about. Steve loved it, and made a similar product, with a few enhancements. Only a few months later Apple released a Lisa, a computer with an operating system one could use almost without reading in the manual beforehand.Sadly, Lisa cost $10. 000 (year 1983) and was way too expensive for the average-Joe. But Steve did not care; he was way into another project ââ¬â the Macintosh. In 1984 Apple aired a Super Bowl television commercial titled ââ¬Å"1984â⬠. The film used an unnamed heroine to represent the coming of the Macintosh as a means of saving humanity from conformity ââ¬ââ⬠Big Brotherâ⬠/IBM the at the time biggest computer-company. These images were a reference to George Orwellââ¬â¢s novel ââ¬Å"nineteen eighty-fourâ⬠. The $900. 000 one minute-film directed by Ridley Scott was a success, and a typical creation of Steve Jobs.It was intelligent, critical and got people to dislike IBM ââ¬â ââ¬Å"the big blueâ⬠. The commercial became an immediate classic. The year after the Macintoshââ¬â¢s release, Steve Jobs got fired from Apple for muffled and uncertain reasons. He did not dwell on that, and made NeXT ââ¬â a computer platform specializing in the higher-education and the business market. As usual, Steveââ¬â¢s extreme focus on details and perfection took overhand. The company never experienced success, despite terrific products and a new operating system. Only a year later, he acquired the graphics division Pixar Animation Studios.He put an extraordinary amount of money into the corporation, and believed in something few others did. It soon became a reality that Jobs had put his money into the right place, and as a 50 percent shareholder he also became ridiculously rich. For ten years Jobs acted as an owner and CEO for both Pixar and NeXT. In 1996, Apple bought NeXT and wanted him back as CEO. While he had been gone, Apple had kept making machines ââ¬â but not great ones. The products Apple had made while Jobs was away at NeXT and Pixar were outright horrendous.They looked like every other beige product out there, and people saw no reason to buy the overpriced products with no difference from the cheaper ones offered from Dell and IBM. Therefore, Apple had lost a lot of money, and was only weeks before bankruptcy. With the reunite of Steve Jobs as CEO, this would all change. The very first thing he did as chief-in-charge at Apple was to scratch of most of the product-line, and introduce a new machine for, once again, the general masses. With the help of his colleague, design-guru Jonathan Ive, they designed the iMac.As an all-in-one, colourful and beautiful computer for everyone, and for only $1299, it was a cheap one too. The release of the iMac in 1998 was a tremendous success, and won many people over to the world of Apple. This was the start of the new Apple, a bold, fresh and innovative company that would once again change the market. A few years later, in 2001, Apple released iPod ââ¬â a device that would totally change the music industry and the way people listened to music. ââ¬Å"A device with 1000 songs in your pocketâ⬠, was the tag line.Apple made a fortune out of the iPod, and still does. They way people, especially the young, thought of Apple also changed. Suddenly Apple was the coolest brand on the planet with their original white ear buds. And the originality kept going on, and with breath-taking new products every year; Appleââ¬â¢s market share grew. But it was not until they released their first phone that Apple really got popular. The iPhone was a fantastic piece of technology, and was only one in the long line of successful Apple-products released after Steveââ¬â¢s comeback that would come.His last creation before he was done for was the iPad, a product that finally realised his dream of a computer without a physical keyboard and as few buttons as possible. What the iPad has done to the tablet market is what the iPod did to the portable music player market: redefined it, and then dominated it. In October the fifth, 2011, Steve Jobs died. As a 56 year old man he left the world with products, sleek design-philosophies and often times radical decisions many would see as too extreme. What he did to the electronic market was never revolutionary, but rather improvement ââ¬â refinement of an already existing product or software. He never made something entirely new; the computer, the music player, the phone was all invented before Apple touched it. What he did was making them human friendly. Steve Jobs did not like people very much, but his goal was always to make electronics easy to use for people. What a strange incident that he would be the man to do precisely that. Sources: Book: ââ¬Å"Steve Jobs, Walter Isaacsonâ⬠http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Steve_jobs
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